java开发过程中为了找问题方便或是统计信息方便,总免不了要打各种日志。之前的各个项目都是配置好的,maven配置的时候,会看到各种类型的Log包:slf4jlog4jcommons-loglogback等等,看着就烦,今天仔细了解了一下,有点收获,记录一下

起因

使用JAVAkafka apimain方法进行开发测试,发现总报错

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log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties).

log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.

log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.

解决过程

第一直觉是缺少log4j的配置。好办,classpath下加入log4j.properties(log4j默认应该是直接找classpath下的这个文件,当然,可以直接指定加载哪个文件)OK,不报错了

刚好最近的一个项目使用的是logback,而且网上也查了,logback性能要优于log4j(没有做过测试,先盲目从众吧),就想直接引入logback

POM中加入logback的依赖

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<dependency>

          <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>

          <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>

          <version>1.1.2</version>

      </dependency>

      <dependency>

          <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>

          <artifactId>logback-access</artifactId>

          <version>1.1.2</version>

      </dependency>

      <dependency>

          <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>

          <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>

          <version>1.1.2</version>

      </dependency>

启动,报错

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log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties).

log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.

log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.

SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/C:/Users/zhaohuayu/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.6.1/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]

SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/C:/Users/zhaohuayu/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.1.2/logback-classic-1.1.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.

SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]

哦,Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings

原来slf4j提供的是一个抽象的接口,实现可以是log4jlogback等,但是,运行时候只能有一个接口实现类。之前引入的kafka包,已经包含了对log4j的依赖,我又引入logback的包,冲突了

好办,去掉对Log4j的依赖

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<dependency>

          <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>

          <artifactId>kafka_2.10</artifactId>

          <version>0.8.2.0</version>

          <exclusions>

              <exclusion>

                  <groupId>log4j</groupId>

                  <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>

              </exclusion>

              <exclusion>

                  <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>

                  <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>

              </exclusion>

          </exclusions>

      </dependency>

      <dependency>

          <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>

          <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>

          <version>1.1.2</version>

      </dependency>

      <dependency>

          <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>

          <artifactId>logback-access</artifactId>

          <version>1.1.2</version>

      </dependency>

      <dependency>

          <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>

          <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>

          <version>1.1.2</version>

      </dependency>

这下总OK了吧,运行:

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Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/log4j/Logger

    at kafka.utils.Logging$class.logger(Logging.scala:24)

    at kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties.logger$lzycompute(VerifiableProperties.scala:26)

    at kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties.logger(VerifiableProperties.scala:26)

    at kafka.utils.Logging$class.info(Logging.scala:67)

    at kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties.info(VerifiableProperties.scala:26)

    at kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties.verify(VerifiableProperties.scala:217)

    at kafka.producer.ProducerConfig.<init>(ProducerConfig.scala:57)

    at KafkaProducer.getClient(KafkaProducer.java:26)

    at KafkaProducer.sendMsg(KafkaProducer.java:35)

    at KafkaProducer.main(KafkaProducer.java:41)

    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)

    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)

    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)

    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140)

what?

kafka.utils.Logging里包含了对log4j类的引用……

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package kafka.utils;

 

import kafka.utils.Log4jController.;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

怎么办?难道使用kafka的项目必须使用log4j

总有解决方案,

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<dependency>

         <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>

         <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>

         <version>1.7.7</version>

     </dependency>

再次运行,OK,日志正常打印了

总结

1slf4j提供各种抽象接口,日志应该基于slf4jAPI进行日志打印,这样无论迁移到那个项目,只需要配一个实现类log4j or logback,都能正常打印日志

2slf4j的实现类不能有多个,不然冲突

3、如果项目中有直接引用log4j的,可以加入log4j-over-slf4j,把旧的日志log4j适配到slf4j,这时候,再使用logback就可以了。

分享一个博客中解决各个项目模块中,各种日志杂乱的方案

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<dependency> 

    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 

    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> 

    <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> 

</dependency> 

<dependency> 

    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 

    <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId> 

    <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> 

</dependency> 

<dependency> 

    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 

    <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId> 

    <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> 

</dependency> 

<dependency> 

    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 

    <artifactId>jul-to-slf4j</artifactId> 

    <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version> 

</dependency> 

<dependency> 

    <groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId> 

    <artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId> 

    <version>3.1.4.GA</version> 

</dependency> 

当然,前提是需要把各个项目中依赖的log实现exclusion

 

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